地坪從材料角度可分為耐磨顆粒添加劑型、高分子聚合物型,其中后者在用量上居主要地位,而環氧樹脂基材地坪又是后者用量最大的。由于地坪生產施工企業眾多、素質參次不齊,造成地坪質量問題較為突出,其中環氧樹脂地坪量問題更多一些。如何避免和解決?解決的因素甚多,應從地坪面工程的技術要求和質量檢驗做起,也就是確定標準并按此驗收。
耐磨顆粒添加劑型地面工程技術要求和質量檢驗,首先可參照GB50209-95《建筑地面工程施工及驗收規范》的工程驗收:檢查采用材料和完成樓地面各層構造是否符合設計要及及規范的規定;檢查地面各層的強度和密度以及上下層結合的牢固性;地面的坡度、厚度、標高和平整度,厚度與設計厚度允許偏差為該層厚度的10%;耐磨顆粒添加劑型地面的平整度,無特殊要求的面層2m直尺檢查允許偏差為4mm;帶有坡度的面層應做潑水試驗,并以能排除液體為合格。還可參照GB50209-2002《建筑地面工程質量驗收規范》的工程驗收可參照防油滲面層涂層允許偏差和檢驗方法:表面平整度5mm(估計是土建基層平整度要求);涂層與基層粘結牢固檢驗方法觀察檢查(不符合涂層質量檢驗方法);5.6.6條防油滲面層采用防油滲涂料時,涂層厚度宜為5~7mm,允許偏差無技術要求,涂層涂裝對此厚度無先例。
高(gao)分子聚合(he)物(wu)型(xing)地(di)面(mian)技術要求和質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan),則可參照(zhao):GB50209-95《建筑(zhu)(zhu)地(di)面(mian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)及驗(yan)(yan)收(shou)(shou)規范》,其高(gao)分子聚合(he)物(wu)型(xing)涂層地(di)面(mian)除了3.1-3條(tiao)(tiao)內(nei)容(rong)之外(wai)基本相似,涂層地(di)面(mian)無特(te)殊要求的表面(mian)平整(zheng)度(du)2m直尺(chi)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)查允許(xu)偏(pian)差為2mm;GB50209-2002《建筑(zhu)(zhu)地(di)面(mian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)驗(yan)(yan)收(shou)(shou)規范》刪(shan)去了此類內(nei)容(rong),防(fang)油滲面(mian)層部分僅為5.6.6條(tiao)(tiao)及5.6.10條(tiao)(tiao)。建筑(zhu)(zhu)地(di)面(mian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)及驗(yan)(yan)收(shou)(shou)規范對地(di)面(mian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)查的內(nei)容(rong)如抗(kang)壓強度(du)、抗(kang)折強度(du)、粘結強度(du)、耐磨性、彈性模量(liang)(liang)(liang)、線膨脹系(xi)數(shu)(shu)(shu)均為材料實(shi)驗(yan)(yan)室測(ce)(ce)試(shi)數(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju),沒有可供(gong)現(xian)(xian)場檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)的儀器和試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)方法(fa)(fa),只能當(dang)地(di)面(mian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)引起(qi)訴訟時(shi)現(xian)(xian)場取(qu)樣(yang)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)。這(zhe)類工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)管理可以由施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)方在(zai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)監理到場,現(xian)(xian)場按(an)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)試(shi)樣(yang)尺(chi)寸制作,監理對試(shi)樣(yang)材料認(ren)同,試(shi)樣(yang)養護、封(feng)存(cun),監理決定以試(shi)樣(yang)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)數(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)考核地(di)面(mian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)。高(gao)分子聚合(he)物(wu)型(xing)地(di)面(mian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)現(xian)(xian)場可檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)數(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)的有涂層光澤、色(se)澤偏(pian)差、表面(mian)硬(ying)度(du)(鉛筆(bi)硬(ying)度(du))、附著(zhu)力(劃格法(fa)(fa))、耐磨性監理到場,現(xian)(xian)場按(an)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)試(shi)樣(yang)對照(zhao)備查。