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混合型塑膠面層施工方法:
基礎(chu)達到要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)后,進行塑膠面(mian)(mian)層的(de)(de)(de)攤鋪。為(wei)增強塑膠面(mian)(mian)層與基礎(chu)的(de)(de)(de)黏(nian)接性、更好的(de)(de)(de)控制場地(di)的(de)(de)(de)坡度、平整度,確保(bao)鋪設(she)(she)的(de)(de)(de)質量(liang),我(wo)公司采用二次分(fen)層施(shi)工(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)序(xu)進行鋪設(she)(she)。整個(ge)場地(di)塑膠面(mian)(mian)層的(de)(de)(de)鋪設(she)(she)嚴格按照(zhao)設(she)(she)計要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)、塑膠跑道、輔助區(qu)和半(ban)圓區(qu)嚴格按國(guo)家標準GB/T14833-93的(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)進行施(shi)工(gong)(gong)。
根據本工(gong)程(cheng)實際情況,塑膠攤鋪遵循(xun)“先里后外“的施工(gong)工(gong)序,先做兩半圓(yuan),再(zai)做跑道,后做輔(fu)助區。
1、塑膠面層鋪設前的施工準備
1.1、測(ce)量放樣、確定施工(gong)范圍(wei)
施工隊進場(chang)后,用經(jing)過校準后的經(jing)緯儀(yi)對(dui)運(yun)動場(chang)的位(wei)置進行放樣(yang),復測場(chang)地的水準點及標高,確(que)定運(yun)動場(chang)的塑膠鋪裝施工范圍。
1.2、基礎層的復驗(yan)及(ji)找平
按照(zhao)場(chang)地(di)(di)設計要求(qiu)和塑膠鋪設工藝對(dui)場(chang)地(di)(di)基(ji)礎的要求(qiu),對(dui)該場(chang)地(di)(di)基(ji)礎進行復核,包(bao)括測量(liang)場(chang)地(di)(di)平整度、坡度是否符合室外運動場(chang)的規定,同(tong)時在鋪設塑膠面層之(zhi)前,基(ji)礎必須有足夠的保養期(qi)。
檢測基礎層的(de)平整度(du)(du)采用3m直(zhi)尺(chi)檢測基礎層的(de)最(zui)大(da)凹(ao)陷程度(du)(du)。3m直(zhi)尺(chi)的(de)尺(chi)長精(jing)度(du)(du)為±3mm,尺(chi)的(de)底面(mian)平直(zhi)無(wu)缺陷,0-25mm塞尺(chi),塞尺(chi)精(jing)度(du)(du)為±1mm。
將3m直尺輕放于(yu)任何(he)相(xiang)鄰兩點之(zhi)間,用(yong)塞尺測量(liang)(liang)最大(da)局部凹(ao)陷不(bu)超過3mm,即為合(he)(he)格點。每100㎡內(nei)測量(liang)(liang)不(bu)少于(yu)5個(ge)測量(liang)(liang)點數。合(he)(he)格點數與總測量(liang)(liang)點數之(zhi)比即為平整度(du)合(he)(he)格率(lv)。合(he)(he)格率(lv)應不(bu)低于(yu)85% 。
基礎(chu)若(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)有油漬,脆(cui)化處或(huo)凸處應鏟除(chu)或(huo)磨除(chu),凹處用同種材料(liao)進行補平,若(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)是裂縫應用材料(liao)填補,若(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)裂縫較細(xi)小時應加(jia)寬加(jia)深后再填補。
基礎(chu)補(bu)平后(hou),清除施(shi)工面的灰層和雜物,用水將基礎(chu)沖洗干(gan)凈,使基礎(chu)表面無(wu)油(you)、無(wu)灰、干(gan)燥,才(cai)能進行(xing)塑膠面層的施(shi)工。
1.3、測量(liang)地面(mian)含水(shui)率
晴天時用(yong)透明(ming)膠布以(yi)膠帶(dai)貼膠布四周于地面,待4小時后觀察,若(ruo)透明(ming)膠布內有(you)結露(lu)現(xian)象則不(bu)可(ke)施(shi)工,或(huo)以(yi)濕度測定儀檢查含(han)水(shui)率低于8%以(yi)下方可(ke)施(shi)工。
1.4、測(ce)量空氣濕(shi)度
用通風(feng)干濕表測量空(kong)(kong)氣濕度,空(kong)(kong)氣濕度應≤85%,方能施工。
1.5、施工材料(liao)、施工設備準備
塑(su)膠半(ban)成品(pin)材(cai)料(liao),按照所報材(cai)料(liao)計劃一(yi)次性發往施工(gong)現(xian)場,出(chu)發和接收(shou)材(cai)料(liao)前(qian)均應(ying)清點材(cai)料(liao)的品(pin)種及(ji)數量,材(cai)料(liao)包裝若有(you)破(po)損,應(ying)及(ji)時處(chu)理(li)以(yi)免浪費,由于原料(liao)的化學特性,塑(su)膠材(cai)料(liao)包裝桶(tong)一(yi)律側(ce)倒(dao)放(fang),防(fang)止進水,現(xian)場材(cai)料(liao)員和質檢員嚴(yan)格對接收(shou)的材(cai)料(liao)進行檢驗,如有(you)不合格材(cai)料(liao),立即返回,不得接收(shou)使用(yong)。
檢(jian)測了解鋪設現(xian)(xian)(xian)場(chang)的溫度和(he)濕(shi)度,在(zai)鋪設施(shi)工現(xian)(xian)(xian)場(chang)采用(yong)(yong)三夾(jia)板(ban)進(jin)行(xing)小(xiao)試,檢(jian)驗(yan)(yan)材(cai)料比例是否嚴格按配比進(jin)行(xing)混合(he)的。工程所用(yong)(yong)材(cai)料分(fen)別按批號排序,然(ran)后取樣根據(ju)現(xian)(xian)(xian)場(chang)環境(jing)條件分(fen)別進(jin)行(xing)成(cheng)膠(jiao)試驗(yan)(yan)以及拉絲成(cheng)膠(jiao)試驗(yan)(yan)。如果(guo)發現(xian)(xian)(xian)某批材(cai)料成(cheng)膠(jiao)速(su)度過慢,則調(diao)節催化劑的用(yong)(yong)量來調(diao)節成(cheng)膠(jiao)速(su)度。
提前檢查(cha)塑膠鋪設所需(xu)的機械(xie)(xie)設備(bei),使投(tou)入的機械(xie)(xie)設備(bei)能按需(xu)要進行正常運(yun)轉,及(ji)時進行保養。
1.6、塑膠鋪設(she)前的施工注(zhu)意要點
根據塑膠跑(pao)道(dao)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)的(de)要求,施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)溫度要在10℃以上(shang)、干燥(zao)、低風條件下施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong),雨(yu)前(qian)24小(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)不(bu)可以施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong),確保(bao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)質(zhi)量。故施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)現場(chang)派(pai)專人隨時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)了解氣象信息,保(bao)證施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)前(qian)24小(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)做好(hao)(hao)氣象調查,制定(ding)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作息時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間,做好(hao)(hao)相(xiang)應(ying)的(de)準備,保(bao)證工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)順利進行(xing),保(bao)質(zhi)按期完(wan)成。
施工時突發(fa)停電,攪拌桶中材料(liao)還未攪拌均勻,必須(xu)作廢料(liao)處理不得使用。施工用的原材料(liao),顆粒、膠水(shui)等經(jing)(jing)監理見證(zheng)隨機(ji)抽樣,須(xu)經(jing)(jing)過相關部門進行檢測,并出具檢測報告(gao),合格后方可使用。
聚氨(an)酯A、B組分配(pei)比(bi)為1:4,黑膠(jiao)粒配(pei)比(bi)不超過總量(liang)的25%,面層顆粒采用EPDM膠(jiao)粒,粒徑為3-5mm。
2、攤鋪塑膠底層
在(zai)塑(su)膠底層攤鋪(pu)前(qian), 用(yong)專用(yong)膠水(shui)在(zai)瀝青(qing)混凝土基礎上均勻(yun)的涂刷一(yi)遍(bian),以增強基礎與塑(su)膠面層的粘(zhan)接性。
2.1、底層施工(gong)流程(cheng)
攪料(T-301AB料膠(jiao)水、催化劑、黑顆粒(li))→攤鋪(pu)、刮(gua)平、修邊、包邊→常溫固(gu)化、檢測補平。
底膠攤(tan)鋪前(qian),為保(bao)證區分不(bu)同顏色的(de)部(bu)(bu)位和(he)已鋪完面(mian)層的(de)干凈,測量員(yuan)在(zai)與施工(gong)部(bu)(bu)位連接處四周,用(yong)5cm寬的(de)透(tou)明(ming)膠帶(dai)(dai)紙在(zai)塑(su)膠面(mian)層邊上貼好(hao),待塑(su)膠面(mian)層施工(gong)完后,立即(ji)將(jiang)膠帶(dai)(dai)紙小心的(de)清除。施工(gong)前(qian)現場作(zuo)好(hao)樣板供學校參考,確定材料顏色后方(fang)可進(jin)行施工(gong)。
2.2、攪料
選(xuan)料: 嚴格按照公司技術部下發的工藝配方進行(xing)配比,配比系數為T-301AB膠水10.5kg/㎡,黑顆粒3kg/㎡。
攪(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)拌(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban):開始攪(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)前,在(zai)(zai)材料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)攪(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)拌(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)場(chang)所(suo)鋪設(she)膠布或塑(su)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)布,避免(mian)玷污(wu)地(di)面,損(sun)壞(huai)施工品質及(ji)影響環境(jing)清潔。攪(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)拌(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)桶(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)容(rong)量(liang)應(ying)是攪(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)拌(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)1.5-2倍,使用前攪(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)拌(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)桶(tong)(tong)保持干燥(zao)及(ji)清潔。攪(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)人員將(jiang)材料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)按(an)比例倒(dao)入攪(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)拌(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)桶(tong)(tong)中(zhong)混(hun)合,材料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)倒(dao)入攪(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)拌(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)桶(tong)(tong)時(shi),應(ying)向桶(tong)(tong)中(zhong)央直接(jie)倒(dao)入,切勿沿著桶(tong)(tong)邊倒(dao)入,以(yi)免(mian)附著桶(tong)(tong)邊的(de)(de)(de)材料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)無(wu)(wu)法充分(fen)攪(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)拌(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)。材料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)如附于(yu)桶(tong)(tong)邊或不(bu)慎粘附其它(ta)地(di)方(fang)應(ying)隨時(shi)以(yi)刮刀刮干凈(jing)。將(jiang)倒(dao)入攪(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)拌(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)桶(tong)(tong)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)用專業攪(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)拌(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)機攪(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)拌(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)均(jun)(jun)(jun)勻(yun)后(hou),加入適量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)催(cui)化劑再進(jin)(jin)行攪(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)拌(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban),最后(hou)按(an)比例加入黑顆粒攪(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)拌(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)均(jun)(jun)(jun)勻(yun)。注:加料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)時(shi)候(hou)必須邊攪(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)拌(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)邊均(jun)(jun)(jun)勻(yun)緩慢(man)的(de)(de)(de)加入需添加的(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao),避免(mian)破壞(huai)已攪(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)拌(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)均(jun)(jun)(jun)勻(yun)混(hun)合料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)內部(bu)組成結構,以(yi)保證(zheng)(zheng)在(zai)(zai)塑(su)膠攤鋪過程中(zhong)不(bu)因此而(er)起泡(pao)、出現局部(bu)色差(cha),影響工程質量(liang)。混(hun)合料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)進(jin)(jin)行攪(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)拌(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)時(shi),一(yi)定要攪(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)拌(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)均(jun)(jun)(jun)勻(yun),保證(zheng)(zheng)各種材料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)能充分(fen)反應(ying),每次(ci)拌(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)應(ying)保證(zheng)(zheng)在(zai)(zai)相同的(de)(de)(de)條件下(xia)進(jin)(jin)行,才能保證(zheng)(zheng)合成后(hou)塑(su)膠面層無(wu)(wu)氣(qi)泡(pao)、裂痕(hen)現象,接(jie)縫平(ping)整,無(wu)(wu)明(ming)顯痕(hen)跡,表(biao)面色澤均(jun)(jun)(jun)勻(yun)、耐(nai)久、均(jun)(jun)(jun)勻(yun)一(yi)致。運料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)工倒(dao)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)時(shi),應(ying)將(jiang)容(rong)器(qi)內余料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)刮除干凈(jing),才能保證(zheng)(zheng)每次(ci)倒(dao)入的(de)(de)(de)預聚體等混(hun)合材料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao),比例符合要求及(ji)材料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)不(bu)會浪(lang)費(fei)損(sun)失。