水(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)環氧(yang)(yang)樹脂以其突出的性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)優勢，使(shi)制備得到(dao)的水(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)環氧(yang)(yang)樹脂涂料同樣具有優異的性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)，從而在(zai)水(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)產品(pin)大家(jia)族里地位(wei)越來(lai)越重要，專(zhuan)家(jia)認為水(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)環氧(yang)(yang)樹脂在(zai)環保化的今天，前景十分開闊。
水(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧樹(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)是(shi)(shi)指(zhi)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧樹(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)微粒(li)或液(ye)滴(di)的(de)(de)(de)形(xing)式分(fen)散(san)(san)在(zai)以(yi)(yi)水(shui)(shui)為連續相的(de)(de)(de)分(fen)散(san)(san)介質(zhi)(zhi)中而配得的(de)(de)(de)穩定分(fen)散(san)(san)體系(xi)。由于(yu)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧樹(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)是(shi)(shi)線型(xing)結構(gou)的(de)(de)(de)熱固(gu)(gu)(gu)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)樹(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)，所以(yi)(yi)施工(gong)前(qian)必(bi)須加(jia)入水(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧固(gu)(gu)(gu)化劑(ji)，在(zai)室溫環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境下發生化學交聯(lian)反應(ying)，環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧樹(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)固(gu)(gu)(gu)化后就(jiu)改變了(le)原來可(ke)(ke)溶(rong)(rong)可(ke)(ke)熔的(de)(de)(de)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)質(zhi)(zhi)而變成不(bu)(bu)溶(rong)(rong)不(bu)(bu)熔的(de)(de)(de)空間(jian)網狀結構(gou)，顯示(shi)出優(you)(you)異的(de)(de)(de)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)。水(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧樹(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)涂(tu)料除了(le)具(ju)有(you)溶(rong)(rong)劑(ji)型(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧樹(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)涂(tu)料的(de)(de)(de)諸(zhu)多優(you)(you)點，一是(shi)(shi)適應(ying)能(neng)力強(qiang)，對眾多底(di)材具(ju)有(you)極高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)附著力，固(gu)(gu)(gu)化后的(de)(de)(de)涂(tu)膜耐(nai)腐蝕性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和耐(nai)化學藥(yao)品性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)優(you)(you)異，并且涂(tu)膜收縮小、硬(ying)度高(gao)、耐(nai)磨性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)好、電氣(qi)絕緣性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)優(you)(you)異等；二是(shi)(shi)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)保(bao)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)好，還具(ju)有(you)不(bu)(bu)含有(you)機溶(rong)(rong)劑(ji)或揮(hui)發性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)有(you)機化合物含量較(jiao)低，不(bu)(bu)會造成空氣(qi)污(wu)染，因(yin)而滿足當前(qian)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境保(bao)護的(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求；三是(shi)(shi)真正(zheng)水(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)化，以(yi)(yi)水(shui)(shui)作為分(fen)散(san)(san)介質(zhi)(zhi)，價格低廉、無氣(qi)味、不(bu)(bu)燃，儲存、運(yun)輸和使用過程中的(de)(de)(de)安(an)全性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)也大為提高(gao)；四是(shi)(shi)操作性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)佳(jia)，水(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧樹(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)涂(tu)料的(de)(de)(de)施工(gong)操作性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)好，施工(gong)工(gong)具(ju)可(ke)(ke)用水(shui)(shui)直接(jie)清洗，可(ke)(ke)在(zai)室溫和潮濕的(de)(de)(de)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境中固(gu)(gu)(gu)化，有(you)合理的(de)(de)(de)固(gu)(gu)(gu)化時間(jian)，并保(bao)證有(you)很(hen)高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)交聯(lian)密度。這是(shi)(shi)通常的(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)丙(bing)烯酸涂(tu)料和水(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)聚氨酯涂(tu)料所無法(fa)比擬的(de)(de)(de)。
合理(li)(li)選擇環(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)基材(cai)(cai)、固化劑(ji)(ji)以及(ji)各種改性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)劑(ji)(ji)和(he)助劑(ji)(ji)，就可(ke)制備(bei)出性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)各異的(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)涂(tu)(tu)(tu)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)。水(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)涂(tu)(tu)(tu)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)諸多性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)特(te)點(dian)決定(ding)了(le)其與溶劑(ji)(ji)型或無溶劑(ji)(ji)型環(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)涂(tu)(tu)(tu)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)相比具(ju)有更為(wei)廣(guang)泛的(de)(de)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)前景。中國環(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)業(ye)協會(hui)專家(jia)介(jie)紹說，目前水(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)涂(tu)(tu)(tu)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)主要包括下面幾個方面：一是(shi)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)地(di)坪(ping)涂(tu)(tu)(tu)裝，可(ke)作為(wei)高(gao)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境適應型地(di)坪(ping)涂(tu)(tu)(tu)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)替代(dai)溶劑(ji)(ji)型環(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)涂(tu)(tu)(tu)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)，也可(ke)作為(wei)聚(ju)合物成(cheng)(cheng)分(fen)摻入水(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)砂(sha)漿制成(cheng)(cheng)高(gao)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)聚(ju)合物砂(sha)漿地(di)坪(ping)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)；三(san)是(shi)木質地(di)板(ban)涂(tu)(tu)(tu)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)，可(ke)配(pei)成(cheng)(cheng)清漆(qi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于木質地(di)板(ban)，替代(dai)目前市場上廣(guang)泛使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)溶劑(ji)(ji)型聚(ju)氨酯水(shui)(shui)晶地(di)板(ban)漆(qi)，配(pei)成(cheng)(cheng)色漆(qi)可(ke)替代(dai)溶劑(ji)(ji)型環(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)和(he)聚(ju)氨酯磁漆(qi)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)于廚房、家(jia)具(ju)和(he)機械(xie)設(she)備(bei)等；四(si)是(shi)建筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)程抗滲(shen)，借助水(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)涂(tu)(tu)(tu)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)優良(liang)的(de)(de)機械(xie)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)和(he)與水(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)良(liang)好(hao)的(de)(de)配(pei)伍性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，制備(bei)高(gao)強混凝(ning)土，其中水(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)涂(tu)(tu)(tu)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)作為(wei)輔助成(cheng)(cheng)分(fen)加到混凝(ning)土或水(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)砂(sha)漿中，并可(ke)提高(gao)混凝(ning)土的(de)(de)抗滲(shen)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)；五(wu)是(shi)建筑(zhu)粘(zhan)(zhan)接防(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)，利用(yong)(yong)(yong)環(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)對水(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)和(he)眾(zhong)多有機材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)良(liang)好(hao)的(de)(de)粘(zhan)(zhan)接性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)以及(ji)環(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)本身優異的(de)(de)機械(xie)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)和(he)耐化學(xue)藥品性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)作為(wei)混凝(ning)土粘(zhan)(zhan)接劑(ji)(ji)和(he)防(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)堵漏材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)；六是(shi)防(fang)(fang)腐(fu)(fu)處理(li)(li)和(he)其它用(yong)(yong)(yong)途，利用(yong)(yong)(yong)環(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)優異的(de)(de)耐腐(fu)(fu)蝕性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)作為(wei)防(fang)(fang)腐(fu)(fu)蝕涂(tu)(tu)(tu)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)用(yong)(yong)(yong)作鋼鐵和(he)船(chuan)舶的(de)(de)防(fang)(fang)腐(fu)(fu)底(di)漆(qi)，與其它通用(yong)(yong)(yong)乳液如聚(ju)丙烯酸乳液、水(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)聚(ju)氨酯配(pei)合使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)起(qi)協同(tong)效(xiao)應得到具(ju)有不同(tong)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)涂(tu)(tu)(tu)層(ceng)。
室溫固(gu)(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)涂(tu)(tu)料體(ti)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)一(yi)般分為四類(lei)：Ⅰ型水(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)體(ti)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)，由(you)低(di)(di)分子量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)液(ye)(ye)(ye)體(ti)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)當量(liang)(liang)在190左右)和水(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)固(gu)(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)劑(ji)組成(cheng)，這類(lei)體(ti)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)中的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)般預先不(bu)乳(ru)(ru)(ru)化(hua)(hua)(hua)，而由(you)水(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)固(gu)(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)劑(ji)在使(shi)用(yong)(yong)前混合乳(ru)(ru)(ru)化(hua)(hua)(hua)，因而這類(lei)固(gu)(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)劑(ji)必須既是交聯劑(ji)又(you)是乳(ru)(ru)(ru)化(hua)(hua)(hua)劑(ji)，它能夠很好(hao)地(di)分散(san)或溶(rong)解在水(shui)(shui)中，從而對低(di)(di)分子量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)液(ye)(ye)(ye)體(ti)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)具(ju)有(you)良好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)乳(ru)(ru)(ru)化(hua)(hua)(hua)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)，可配成(cheng)零VOC涂(tu)(tu)料，涂(tu)(tu)膜(mo)硬度增(zeng)長較(jiao)快；Ⅱ型水(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)體(ti)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)，由(you)高分子量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)固(gu)(gu)(gu)體(ti)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)乳(ru)(ru)(ru)液(ye)(ye)(ye)和水(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)固(gu)(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)劑(ji)組成(cheng)，由(you)于高分子量(liang)(liang)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)反應(ying)活(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)較(jiao)低(di)(di)分子量(liang)(liang)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)小(xiao)，因此Ⅱ型水(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)體(ti)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)適(shi)用(yong)(yong)期較(jiao)Ⅰ型長、表干時(shi)間(jian)較(jiao)Ⅰ型短；Ⅲ型水(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)體(ti)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)，由(you)低(di)(di)分子量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)液(ye)(ye)(ye)體(ti)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)乳(ru)(ru)(ru)液(ye)(ye)(ye)和水(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)固(gu)(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)劑(ji)組成(cheng)，新型反應(ying)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)乳(ru)(ru)(ru)化(hua)(hua)(hua)劑(ji)既含有(you)表面活(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鏈(lian)(lian)段(duan)(duan)(親(qin)水(shui)(shui)鏈(lian)(lian)段(duan)(duan))、又(you)含有(you)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)鏈(lian)(lian)段(duan)(duan)(親(qin)油(you)鏈(lian)(lian)段(duan)(duan))，大大改(gai)善了乳(ru)(ru)(ru)化(hua)(hua)(hua)劑(ji)與環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)相容(rong)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，可配制(zhi)分散(san)相平均粒徑(jing)為約1～2μm的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)低(di)(di)分子量(liang)(liang)液(ye)(ye)(ye)體(ti)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)乳(ru)(ru)(ru)液(ye)(ye)(ye)，同時(shi)對涂(tu)(tu)膜(mo)有(you)一(yi)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)增(zeng)韌作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)；Ⅳ型水(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)體(ti)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)，由(you)水(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)乳(ru)(ru)(ru)液(ye)(ye)(ye)和聚(ju)氨(an)(an)酯(zhi)改(gai)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)固(gu)(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)劑(ji)組成(cheng)，用(yong)(yong)適(shi)量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)聚(ju)氨(an)(an)酯(zhi)改(gai)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)制(zhi)得綜合性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能良好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)聚(ju)氨(an)(an)酯(zhi)改(gai)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)固(gu)(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)劑(ji)，用(yong)(yong)它來固(gu)(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)乳(ru)(ru)(ru)液(ye)(ye)(ye)以改(gai)善水(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)涂(tu)(tu)料的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能。
固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)效果是(shi)衡量水(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)體(ti)系(xi)(xi)產品(pin)的(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)指(zhi)標。水(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)體(ti)系(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)成(cheng)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)機理(li)水(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)涂(tu)(tu)料是(shi)一(yi)(yi)種(zhong)乳液涂(tu)(tu)料，其成(cheng)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)機理(li)與一(yi)(yi)般的(de)(de)(de)聚合物(wu)乳液涂(tu)(tu)料如丙烯酸乳液的(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)有很大的(de)(de)(de)區(qu)別，同時與溶劑(ji)(ji)型(xing)環(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)涂(tu)(tu)料的(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)也不完全(quan)相(xiang)(xiang)同。對(dui)于水(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)涂(tu)(tu)料，其固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)是(shi)否充分(fen)(fen)主(zhu)要(yao)取(qu)決于以下兩個(ge)因素：一(yi)(yi)是(shi)環(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)分(fen)(fen)散(san)相(xiang)(xiang)粒(li)子的(de)(de)(de)粒(li)徑(jing)，在保(bao)證水(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)劑(ji)(ji)用量相(xiang)(xiang)同的(de)(de)(de)情況(kuang)下，環(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)分(fen)(fen)散(san)相(xiang)(xiang)粒(li)子的(de)(de)(de)粒(li)徑(jing)較小時，粒(li)子表(biao)面的(de)(de)(de)固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)劑(ji)(ji)濃度較為適中(zhong)，表(biao)面固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)速度較慢，固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)劑(ji)(ji)分(fen)(fen)子有足夠(gou)的(de)(de)(de)時間擴散(san)到(dao)整個(ge)環(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)分(fen)(fen)散(san)相(xiang)(xiang)粒(li)子，使之固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)完全(quan)，因而可(ke)以形(xing)成(cheng)均勻、完全(quan)固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)涂(tu)(tu)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)；二是(shi)環(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)劑(ji)(ji)與環(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)相(xiang)(xiang)容(rong)性(xing)(xing)，提高環(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)劑(ji)(ji)與環(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)相(xiang)(xiang)容(rong)性(xing)(xing)，有利于水(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)乳液分(fen)(fen)散(san)后體(ti)系(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)穩定性(xing)(xing)，并且兩者的(de)(de)(de)相(xiang)(xiang)容(rong)性(xing)(xing)越好，環(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)劑(ji)(ji)越容(rong)易向環(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)微粒(li)內部擴散(san)，有利于固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)反應的(de)(de)(de)進(jin)行。
雙組分(fen)反應性(xing)(xing)(xing)涂料(liao)(liao)都有(you)(you)一(yi)個(ge)(ge)適用期的(de)(de)問題。由于(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)脂(zhi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)與溶劑(ji)型環(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)脂(zhi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)的(de)(de)固化成膜機理有(you)(you)所(suo)不(bu)同，因而適用期的(de)(de)判斷(duan)(duan)準則(ze)也不(bu)完(wan)全相(xiang)同。對(dui)溶劑(ji)型環(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)脂(zhi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)，體(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)的(de)(de)粘(zhan)度(du)(du)隨擱(ge)置時間(jian)的(de)(de)延(yan)長而不(bu)斷(duan)(duan)增大，故該體(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)的(de)(de)適用期可用粘(zhan)度(du)(du)隨時間(jian)的(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)化來表示，即從兩個(ge)(ge)組分(fen)混合(he)至體(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)粘(zhan)度(du)(du)增大到(dao)無(wu)法施工(gong)的(de)(de)時間(jian)。但對(dui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)脂(zhi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)，則(ze)不(bu)能用體(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)粘(zhan)度(du)(du)隨時間(jian)的(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)化來判定，環(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)脂(zhi)乳液以及相(xiang)應配得(de)的(de)(de)清漆都會顯(xian)示出觸變(bian)(bian)性(xing)(xing)(xing)和假(jia)塑性(xing)(xing)(xing)，屬于(yu)典型的(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)分(fen)散體(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)。水(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)脂(zhi)涂料(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)兩個(ge)(ge)組分(fen)混合(he)后體(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)粘(zhan)度(du)(du)變(bian)(bian)化比較(jiao)(jiao)復雜，有(you)(you)的(de)(de)體(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)的(de)(de)粘(zhan)度(du)(du)隨擱(ge)置時間(jian)的(de)(de)延(yan)長逐步增加(jia)，而有(you)(you)的(de)(de)體(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)粘(zhan)度(du)(du)在兩個(ge)(ge)組分(fen)混合(he)后迅速下降，并在較(jiao)(jiao)長時間(jian)內基本保(bao)持不(bu)變(bian)(bian)