水(shui)性(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)氧樹(shu)脂以其突出的性(xing)能(neng)優(you)勢(shi)，使(shi)制備得(de)到的水(shui)性(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)氧樹(shu)脂涂料同樣具有優(you)異的性(xing)能(neng)，從(cong)而在(zai)水(shui)性(xing)產品大家族里(li)地位(wei)越來越重要，專家認為(wei)水(shui)性(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)氧樹(shu)脂在(zai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)保(bao)化的今天，前景十分開(kai)闊。

　　水(shui)(shui)性(xing)環(huan)(huan)氧(yang)樹脂(zhi)(zhi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)指環(huan)(huan)氧(yang)樹脂(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)微(wei)粒(li)或液滴(di)的(de)(de)形式分(fen)散(san)在(zai)以(yi)(yi)水(shui)(shui)為(wei)(wei)連(lian)續(xu)相的(de)(de)分(fen)散(san)介質中而配(pei)得的(de)(de)穩定分(fen)散(san)體系。由于環(huan)(huan)氧(yang)樹脂(zhi)(zhi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)線型(xing)結(jie)構的(de)(de)熱固(gu)性(xing)樹脂(zhi)(zhi)，所以(yi)(yi)施工(gong)前(qian)必須(xu)加入(ru)水(shui)(shui)性(xing)環(huan)(huan)氧(yang)固(gu)化(hua)(hua)劑，在(zai)室溫環(huan)(huan)境(jing)下(xia)發(fa)生化(hua)(hua)學交聯反應，環(huan)(huan)氧(yang)樹脂(zhi)(zhi)固(gu)化(hua)(hua)后就改變(bian)了(le)原來可溶可熔的(de)(de)性(xing)質而變(bian)成(cheng)不(bu)溶不(bu)熔的(de)(de)空間網狀結(jie)構，顯示出(chu)優異(yi)的(de)(de)性(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)。水(shui)(shui)性(xing)環(huan)(huan)氧(yang)樹脂(zhi)(zhi)涂(tu)(tu)料(liao)(liao)除(chu)了(le)具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)溶劑型(xing)環(huan)(huan)氧(yang)樹脂(zhi)(zhi)涂(tu)(tu)料(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)諸多優點(dian)，一是(shi)(shi)(shi)適應能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)強，對眾多底材具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)極(ji)高(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)附著(zhu)力(li)，固(gu)化(hua)(hua)后的(de)(de)涂(tu)(tu)膜(mo)耐腐(fu)蝕(shi)性(xing)和(he)耐化(hua)(hua)學藥品性(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)優異(yi)，并(bing)且涂(tu)(tu)膜(mo)收縮小、硬度(du)高(gao)(gao)、耐磨(mo)性(xing)好、電氣(qi)絕緣(yuan)性(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)優異(yi)等；二是(shi)(shi)(shi)環(huan)(huan)保(bao)(bao)性(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)好，還具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)不(bu)含有(you)(you)(you)機(ji)溶劑或揮發(fa)性(xing)有(you)(you)(you)機(ji)化(hua)(hua)合物含量(liang)較低(di)，不(bu)會造成(cheng)空氣(qi)污染，因而滿足當前(qian)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)保(bao)(bao)護的(de)(de)要求；三是(shi)(shi)(shi)真正水(shui)(shui)性(xing)化(hua)(hua)，以(yi)(yi)水(shui)(shui)作為(wei)(wei)分(fen)散(san)介質，價格低(di)廉、無氣(qi)味、不(bu)燃，儲存、運輸和(he)使用過程中的(de)(de)安(an)全性(xing)也大(da)為(wei)(wei)提(ti)高(gao)(gao)；四是(shi)(shi)(shi)操(cao)作性(xing)佳，水(shui)(shui)性(xing)環(huan)(huan)氧(yang)樹脂(zhi)(zhi)涂(tu)(tu)料(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)施工(gong)操(cao)作性(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)好，施工(gong)工(gong)具(ju)可用水(shui)(shui)直接清(qing)洗(xi)，可在(zai)室溫和(he)潮濕(shi)的(de)(de)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)中固(gu)化(hua)(hua)，有(you)(you)(you)合理(li)的(de)(de)固(gu)化(hua)(hua)時(shi)間，并(bing)保(bao)(bao)證有(you)(you)(you)很高(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)交聯密度(du)。這是(shi)(shi)(shi)通常的(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)性(xing)丙烯酸(suan)涂(tu)(tu)料(liao)(liao)和(he)水(shui)(shui)性(xing)聚氨酯涂(tu)(tu)料(liao)(liao)所無法比擬的(de)(de)。

　　合(he)理選擇環(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)基材、固化(hua)劑(ji)以(yi)及(ji)(ji)各種改性(xing)(xing)(xing)劑(ji)和(he)(he)助(zhu)劑(ji)，就可(ke)制備(bei)出性(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)各異(yi)的(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)涂(tu)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)。水(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)涂(tu)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)諸多性(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)特點決定(ding)了其與(yu)(yu)溶(rong)劑(ji)型(xing)或(huo)無溶(rong)劑(ji)型(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)涂(tu)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)相比具有更(geng)為廣泛的(de)(de)(de)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)前(qian)景。中國環(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)行業(ye)協會專家介紹說，目前(qian)水(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)涂(tu)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)主要包括下面幾個方(fang)面：一是工(gong)(gong)業(ye)地(di)(di)坪(ping)(ping)涂(tu)裝，可(ke)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)為高性(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)適應(ying)型(xing)地(di)(di)坪(ping)(ping)涂(tu)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)替(ti)代溶(rong)劑(ji)型(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)涂(tu)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)，也可(ke)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)為聚(ju)合(he)物成分摻入水(shui)(shui)泥砂漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)制成高性(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)聚(ju)合(he)物砂漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)地(di)(di)坪(ping)(ping)材料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)；三是木質地(di)(di)板(ban)涂(tu)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)，可(ke)配成清漆(qi)(qi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)木質地(di)(di)板(ban)，替(ti)代目前(qian)市(shi)場上廣泛使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)溶(rong)劑(ji)型(xing)聚(ju)氨酯(zhi)(zhi)水(shui)(shui)晶地(di)(di)板(ban)漆(qi)(qi)，配成色漆(qi)(qi)可(ke)替(ti)代溶(rong)劑(ji)型(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)和(he)(he)聚(ju)氨酯(zhi)(zhi)磁漆(qi)(qi)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)廚房、家具和(he)(he)機(ji)械(xie)設(she)備(bei)等(deng)；四是建(jian)筑工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)抗滲，借助(zhu)水(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)涂(tu)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)優(you)良的(de)(de)(de)機(ji)械(xie)性(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)和(he)(he)與(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)泥良好的(de)(de)(de)配伍性(xing)(xing)(xing)，制備(bei)高強混凝土，其中水(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)涂(tu)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)為輔助(zhu)成分加到混凝土或(huo)水(shui)(shui)泥砂漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)中，并可(ke)提(ti)高混凝土的(de)(de)(de)抗滲性(xing)(xing)(xing)；五是建(jian)筑粘接防(fang)水(shui)(shui)，利用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)環(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)對水(shui)(shui)泥材料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)和(he)(he)眾(zhong)多有機(ji)材料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)良好的(de)(de)(de)粘接性(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)以(yi)及(ji)(ji)環(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)本(ben)身優(you)異(yi)的(de)(de)(de)機(ji)械(xie)性(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)和(he)(he)耐化(hua)學藥品(pin)性(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)為混凝土粘接劑(ji)和(he)(he)防(fang)水(shui)(shui)堵漏材料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)；六是防(fang)腐處理和(he)(he)其它(ta)(ta)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)途，利用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)環(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)優(you)異(yi)的(de)(de)(de)耐腐蝕性(xing)(xing)(xing)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)為防(fang)腐蝕涂(tu)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)鋼(gang)鐵和(he)(he)船舶的(de)(de)(de)防(fang)腐底漆(qi)(qi)，與(yu)(yu)其它(ta)(ta)通用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)乳液如聚(ju)丙烯酸乳液、水(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)聚(ju)氨酯(zhi)(zhi)配合(he)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)起(qi)協同效應(ying)得到具有不同性(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)的(de)(de)(de)涂(tu)層。

　　室溫固(gu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)脂(zhi)涂料(liao)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)一般分(fen)為(wei)四類：Ⅰ型(xing)(xing)(xing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)脂(zhi)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)，由(you)(you)(you)低(di)分(fen)子(zi)量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)液體(ti)(ti)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)脂(zhi)(環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)當(dang)量(liang)(liang)在(zai)190左右)和水(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)固(gu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)劑(ji)組(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)，這(zhe)類體(ti)(ti)系(xi)中的(de)(de)(de)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)脂(zhi)一般預先不乳化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)，而由(you)(you)(you)水(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)固(gu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)劑(ji)在(zai)使用(yong)(yong)前混合乳化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)，因而這(zhe)類固(gu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)劑(ji)必須既(ji)是交(jiao)聯劑(ji)又是乳化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)劑(ji)，它能夠很(hen)好地分(fen)散或溶(rong)解在(zai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)中，從而對低(di)分(fen)子(zi)量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)液體(ti)(ti)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)脂(zhi)具有(you)良好的(de)(de)(de)乳化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)作用(yong)(yong)，可配成(cheng)(cheng)零VOC涂料(liao)，涂膜(mo)硬度增長(chang)較快；Ⅱ型(xing)(xing)(xing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)脂(zhi)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)，由(you)(you)(you)高分(fen)子(zi)量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)固(gu)體(ti)(ti)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)脂(zhi)乳液和水(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)固(gu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)劑(ji)組(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)，由(you)(you)(you)于高分(fen)子(zi)量(liang)(liang)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)脂(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)反應(ying)活性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)較低(di)分(fen)子(zi)量(liang)(liang)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)脂(zhi)小，因此Ⅱ型(xing)(xing)(xing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)脂(zhi)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)的(de)(de)(de)適用(yong)(yong)期較Ⅰ型(xing)(xing)(xing)長(chang)、表干時(shi)間(jian)較Ⅰ型(xing)(xing)(xing)短；Ⅲ型(xing)(xing)(xing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)脂(zhi)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)，由(you)(you)(you)低(di)分(fen)子(zi)量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)液體(ti)(ti)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)脂(zhi)乳液和水(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)固(gu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)劑(ji)組(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)，新型(xing)(xing)(xing)反應(ying)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)脂(zhi)乳化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)劑(ji)既(ji)含(han)有(you)表面活性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)作用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)鏈(lian)(lian)段(duan)(親(qin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)鏈(lian)(lian)段(duan))、又含(han)有(you)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)脂(zhi)鏈(lian)(lian)段(duan)(親(qin)油(you)鏈(lian)(lian)段(duan))，大大改善了乳化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)劑(ji)與環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)脂(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)相容(rong)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，可配制分(fen)散相平均粒徑為(wei)約1～2μm的(de)(de)(de)低(di)分(fen)子(zi)量(liang)(liang)液體(ti)(ti)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)脂(zhi)乳液，同時(shi)對涂膜(mo)有(you)一定的(de)(de)(de)增韌作用(yong)(yong)；Ⅳ型(xing)(xing)(xing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)脂(zhi)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)，由(you)(you)(you)水(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)脂(zhi)乳液和聚(ju)氨酯改性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)固(gu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)劑(ji)組(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)，用(yong)(yong)適量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)聚(ju)氨酯改性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)脂(zhi)制得(de)綜合性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能良好的(de)(de)(de)聚(ju)氨酯改性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)固(gu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)劑(ji)，用(yong)(yong)它來(lai)固(gu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)脂(zhi)乳液以(yi)改善水(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)脂(zhi)涂料(liao)的(de)(de)(de)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能。

　　固(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)效(xiao)果是衡量水性(xing)體系(xi)產品的(de)重要指(zhi)標。水性(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)體系(xi)的(de)固(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)成(cheng)(cheng)膜(mo)機理(li)水性(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)涂(tu)料是一種(zhong)乳(ru)液(ye)涂(tu)料，其成(cheng)(cheng)膜(mo)機理(li)與(yu)(yu)一般(ban)的(de)聚合物乳(ru)液(ye)涂(tu)料如(ru)丙烯酸乳(ru)液(ye)的(de)成(cheng)(cheng)膜(mo)有(you)很大的(de)區別，同時(shi)與(yu)(yu)溶劑(ji)(ji)型環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)涂(tu)料的(de)成(cheng)(cheng)膜(mo)也不完全相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)同。對于(yu)水性(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)涂(tu)料，其固(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)是否充分主要取決(jue)于(yu)以下兩個因素(su)：一是環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)分散(san)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)粒子(zi)的(de)粒徑(jing)，在保證水性(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)固(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)劑(ji)(ji)用量相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)同的(de)情況(kuang)下，環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)分散(san)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)粒子(zi)的(de)粒徑(jing)較(jiao)小(xiao)時(shi)，粒子(zi)表面(mian)的(de)固(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)劑(ji)(ji)濃度較(jiao)為適(shi)中，表面(mian)固(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)速度較(jiao)慢，固(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)劑(ji)(ji)分子(zi)有(you)足夠的(de)時(shi)間擴(kuo)散(san)到整個環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)分散(san)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)粒子(zi)，使之固(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)完全，因而可以形成(cheng)(cheng)均(jun)勻(yun)、完全固(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)涂(tu)膜(mo)；二是環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)固(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)劑(ji)(ji)與(yu)(yu)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)的(de)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)容(rong)(rong)性(xing)，提高環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)固(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)劑(ji)(ji)與(yu)(yu)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)的(de)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)容(rong)(rong)性(xing)，有(you)利于(yu)水性(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)乳(ru)液(ye)分散(san)后(hou)體系(xi)的(de)穩定性(xing)，并且(qie)兩者的(de)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)容(rong)(rong)性(xing)越好，環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)固(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)劑(ji)(ji)越容(rong)(rong)易向環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)微粒內部擴(kuo)散(san)，有(you)利于(yu)固(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)反(fan)應的(de)進(jin)行。

　　雙組(zu)分反應性(xing)涂料(liao)(liao)都(dou)有一個適用期(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問題。由于水性(xing)環(huan)氧(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)脂體系(xi)與溶(rong)(rong)劑型環(huan)氧(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)脂體系(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)固化成膜機理有所不同，因而適用期(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)判斷(duan)準則也(ye)不完全相同。對溶(rong)(rong)劑型環(huan)氧(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)脂體系(xi)，體系(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)粘度(du)(du)隨擱置時(shi)間的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)延長而不斷(duan)增(zeng)大(da)，故該體系(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)適用期(qi)可用粘度(du)(du)隨時(shi)間的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)變化來(lai)表示(shi)，即從(cong)兩個組(zu)分混(hun)合至體系(xi)粘度(du)(du)增(zeng)大(da)到無法施(shi)工的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)間。但對水性(xing)環(huan)氧(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)脂體系(xi)，則不能用體系(xi)粘度(du)(du)隨時(shi)間的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)變化來(lai)判定，環(huan)氧(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)脂乳液以及相應配得的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)清漆都(dou)會顯示(shi)出觸變性(xing)和(he)假塑性(xing)，屬于典型的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)水分散體系(xi)。水性(xing)環(huan)氧(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)脂涂料(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)兩個組(zu)分混(hun)合后體系(xi)粘度(du)(du)變化比較復雜，有的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)體系(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)粘度(du)(du)隨擱置時(shi)間的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)延長逐步(bu)增(zeng)加，而有的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)體系(xi)粘度(du)(du)在兩個組(zu)分混(hun)合后迅速下降，并在較長時(shi)間內基本保持不變