水泥自流平基本參數優勢及施工步驟
在水(shui)泥自(zi)(zi)流(liu)平(ping)(ping)的(de)(de)(de)名(ming)字讓越(yue)來(lai)越(yue)多(duo)的(de)(de)(de)行(xing)業內外的(de)(de)(de)使(shi)用者熟識之(zhi)時(shi)(shi),它的(de)(de)(de)技術參數以(yi)及使(shi)用是(shi)(shi)否方(fang)(fang)便等問題也(ye)(ye)受到越(yue)來(lai)越(yue)多(duo)的(de)(de)(de)人們的(de)(de)(de)關(guan)注(zhu),在這(zhe)里(li)我做一(yi)下簡單(dan)的(de)(de)(de)介紹。首先(xian),水(shui)泥自(zi)(zi)流(liu)平(ping)(ping)薄(bo)層(ceng)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)特點,不僅減少了地面(mian)材料對原地面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)負荷(he),也(ye)(ye)讓施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)及投(tou)入使(shi)用的(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)大(da)(da)大(da)(da)縮短(duan),增加(jia)了室內層(ceng)高的(de)(de)(de)同時(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)大(da)(da)大(da)(da)增加(jia)了地面(mian)使(shi)用的(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)效性。一(yi)般情(qing)況(kuang)下,水(shui)泥自(zi)(zi)流(liu)平(ping)(ping)的(de)(de)(de)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)厚度(du)(du)(du)僅為3~6毫米(mi),平(ping)(ping)方(fang)(fang)米(mi)的(de)(de)(de)用量僅為5~10公斤左右,在施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)環(huan)境(jing)條件合適的(de)(de)(de)情(qing)況(kuang)下,自(zi)(zi)流(liu)平(ping)(ping)的(de)(de)(de)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)泵送大(da)(da)約每小時(shi)(shi)400~600平(ping)(ping)方(fang)(fang)米(mi),而(er)大(da)(da)約在施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)后(hou)兩小時(shi)(shi)左右即可(ke)上人行(xing)走,24小時(shi)(shi)之(zhi)后(hou)可(ke)以(yi)進(jin)行(xing)后(hou)續施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)或是(shi)(shi)開(kai)放輕型交通,七天后(hou)達到一(yi)定強度(du)(du)(du),可(ke)完(wan)全開(kai)放交通。(注(zhu):以(yi)上數據的(de)(de)(de)前提(ti)是(shi)(shi)環(huan)境(jing)溫度(du)(du)(du)在20℃,相(xiang)對濕度(du)(du)(du)50%RH)。
由于(yu)自(zi)流平材料(liao)(liao)為預拌(ban)砂漿,粉料(liao)(liao)一(yi)般25公斤/袋裝,在(zai)運(yun)輸上(shang)(shang)相對方(fang)便的(de)多,對于(yu)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)來說,現場又無(wu)需(xu)占(zhan)用(yong)(yong)地(di)方(fang)進行攪(jiao)拌(ban)混(hun)合(he),只需(xu)有清水即(ji)可,這在(zai)砂漿的(de)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)上(shang)(shang)也算得(de)上(shang)(shang)是一(yi)種(zhong)科學上(shang)(shang)的(de)進步。施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)后只需(xu)通過測量硬化后材料(liao)(liao)的(de)拉拔(ba)強度即(ji)可以大(da)致確定施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)方(fang)法是否正確。自(zi)流平因(yin)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)場所及目的(de)的(de)不同分成(cheng)三個(ge)等(deng)級,這在(zai)我之前的(de)介紹(shao)中曾經(jing)提到,在(zai)此我大(da)概介紹(shao)一(yi)下各種(zhong)自(zi)流平材料(liao)(liao)的(de)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)步驟:
一 素地(di)(自流平(ping)施工前(qian)的(de)原地(di)面(mian))處理
在(zai)自流(liu)平(ping)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)中,素(su)地(di)的處理(li)(li)占據自流(liu)平(ping)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)效果好壞的90%以(yi)上(shang)比(bi)重(個人認(ren)為(wei)),因(yin)為(wei)自流(liu)平(ping)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)對(dui)原地(di)面(mian)(mian)有(you)(you)一些(xie)硬(ying)性指標,例(li)(li)如原地(di)面(mian)(mian)強(qiang)度(du)是否達到(dao)標準,是否有(you)(you)影響自流(liu)平(ping)材料與地(di)面(mian)(mian)粘結(jie)(jie)的污(wu)(wu)(wu)染物(wu),以(yi)及(ji)原地(di)面(mian)(mian)是混凝(ning)土、瓷磚大理(li)(li)石還(huan)是水磨(mo)石等(deng),在(zai)處理(li)(li)的方式及(ji)手法各(ge)有(you)(you)不(bu)同(tong)。簡單說,自流(liu)平(ping)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)需要地(di)面(mian)(mian)結(jie)(jie)實,干凈無污(wu)(wu)(wu)物(wu),達不(bu)到(dao)要求強(qiang)度(du),可(ke)以(yi)有(you)(you)很多(duo)方法進行加強(qiang),例(li)(li)如以(yi)環氧加固;但如果是混凝(ning)土地(di)面(mian)(mian),墊層(ceng)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)時(shi)(shi)保證(zheng)足夠的強(qiang)度(du)會(hui)讓后續節(jie)約更多(duo)時(shi)(shi)間和成本。有(you)(you)影響粘結(jie)(jie)的污(wu)(wu)(wu)染物(wu)的,自然要予以(yi)清(qing)除,可(ke)采取打(da)(da)磨(mo)等(deng)手段。當然,有(you)(you)時(shi)(shi)我(wo)們會(hui)遇(yu)到(dao)工(gong)(gong)業廠房里的老地(di)面(mian)(mian)改(gai)造(zao)情況,地(di)面(mian)(mian)油滲透后空鼓的情況,這(zhe)就不(bu)是打(da)(da)磨(mo)這(zhe)么(me)簡單就可(ke)以(yi)處理(li)(li)的了,然而不(bu)將油污(wu)(wu)(wu)清(qing)除,卻又會(hui)成為(wei)新(xin)地(di)面(mian)(mian)的一個隱患(huan),因(yin)為(wei)將來地(di)下的油污(wu)(wu)(wu)會(hui)逐漸返到(dao)面(mian)(mian)層(ceng)上(shang)來,所以(yi)這(zhe)種地(di)面(mian)(mian)更需要特殊的處理(li)(li)了,這(zhe)里只介紹施(shi)工(gong)(gong)步(bu)驟,對(dui)特殊地(di)面(mian)(mian)的處理(li)(li)先不(bu)做過多(duo)的言論(lun),感興趣(qu)的可(ke)以(yi)再探討。
二 界面劑涂刷
界(jie)面(mian)劑在(zai)(zai)自(zi)(zi)流(liu)(liu)平(ping)(ping)施工(gong)中的(de)功效不可(ke)替代(dai),這(zhe)道程序也(ye)不可(ke)減免(mian)(mian),界(jie)面(mian)劑的(de)主要(yao)作(zuo)用在(zai)(zai)于封(feng)閉底層,增加自(zi)(zi)流(liu)(liu)平(ping)(ping)與(yu)原(yuan)(yuan)地面(mian)的(de)粘結力,使自(zi)(zi)流(liu)(liu)平(ping)(ping)與(yu)原(yuan)(yuan)地面(mian)成為一(yi)體,避免(mian)(mian)脫層等情況產(chan)生,它主要(yao)以“粘結橋”的(de)作(zuo)用為先,其次是將(jiang)基層封(feng)閉后,在(zai)(zai)原(yuan)(yuan)地面(mian)潮氣上升時,也(ye)能起到(dao)一(yi)定(ding)的(de)阻隔作(zuo)用。
三 自流(liu)平攪拌施工(gong)
自流(liu)平(ping)應(ying)機械(xie)攪(jiao)拌,現場應(ying)以清水(shui)混(hun)合,攪(jiao)拌均勻充分,在(zai)施工(gong)中應(ying)有序逐漸推進(jin)作業面。
四 注(zhu)意事項
自(zi)流平(ping)施工(gong)中,可允許稍(shao)微(wei)通(tong)風,但應避免(mian)穿(chuan)堂風將自(zi)流平(ping)漿體表面水(shui)分過(guo)快(kuai)帶走,以(yi)避免(mian)因表面失水(shui)過(guo)快(kuai)造成開裂。
視地面情況,適當切(qie)割伸縮縫,結構縫不(bu)可覆(fu)蓋。
由于地面(mian)(mian)與墻(qiang)面(mian)(mian)的沉降和(he)收縮不(bu)同(tong),應當采(cai)取必要措施阻止因(yin)墻(qiang)體(ti)和(he)地面(mian)(mian)之(zhi)間不(bu)同(tong)的沉降收縮導致的自流(liu)平開裂。
施工(gong)溫(wen)度不(bu)應低于+5℃,施工(gong)時還需(xu)避(bi)免陽光直射。