張(zhang)氏帥府又稱“大(da)帥府”或“少(shao)帥府”。總占地3.6萬平方(fang)米(mi),總建筑面積為2.76萬平方(fang)米(mi),是迄(qi)今東北地區保存最(zui)為完好(hao)的名人故居。
張氏帥府(fu)是由東院(yuan)、中院(yuan)、西院(yuan)和院(yuan)外建筑等四個部分組成的(de)(de)龐大建筑群(qun)(qun),其中既(ji)有中國傳(chuan)統(tong)風格的(de)(de)四合院(yuan)、水榭亭(ting)臺的(de)(de)帥府(fu)花園,又(you)有歐式(shi)風情(qing)的(de)(de)大青樓、邊業銀行、紅樓群(qun)(qun),以及中西合璧式(shi)的(de)(de)小(xiao)(xiao)青樓和趙四小(xiao)(xiao)姐樓。1991年,,張氏帥府(fu)被(bei)列為我(wo)國優(you)秀(xiu)近代建筑群(qun)(qun)。
張氏帥府內大(da)量的(de)石雕(diao)(diao)、木(mu)雕(diao)(diao)、磚(zhuan)雕(diao)(diao)和壁畫(hua)作(zuo)品飽含濃郁的(de)東(dong)北民俗風情,它們取(qu)材廣泛、寓意深遠、制作(zuo)精美,個個栩(xu)栩(xu)如生,是研(yan)究中國建(jian)筑藝術(shu)與民間習(xi)俗的(de)珍貴藝術(shu)資料(liao)。
館內基本陳列《千古功臣——張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)學良(liang)(liang)將(jiang)軍業(ye)績(ji)展(zhan)(zhan)》、《張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)作霖(lin)生平大(da)事與張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)氏(shi)家族展(zhan)(zhan)》、《張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)學思(si)將(jiang)軍業(ye)績(ji)展(zhan)(zhan)》,全面展(zhan)(zhan)示了張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)氏(shi)父(fu)子兩代人不同的(de)人生經歷;張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)作霖(lin)辦公(gong)室、張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)學良(liang)(liang)辦公(gong)室、東北政務(wu)委(wei)員會(hui)辦公(gong)室、老虎廳、小青樓、趙(zhao)四小姐樓等一(yi)系列的(de)復(fu)原陳列展(zhan)(zhan)覽(lan),再(zai)現了張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)氏(shi)家族當年生活及(ji)重大(da)歷史事件的(de)場景。
大(da)青(qing)樓(lou)(lou)是張(zhang)氏帥(shuai)府的(de)標志性建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu),建(jian)(jian)于1918年——1922年,為仿羅馬(ma)式(shi)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu),因該樓(lou)(lou)采用青(qing)磚建(jian)(jian)造,故稱大(da)青(qing)樓(lou)(lou)。大(da)青(qing)樓(lou)(lou)總(zong)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)面積(ji)2460平方米,樓(lou)(lou)高(gao)37米,是當時(shi)奉天(tian)城的(de)最高(gao)點之(zhi)一。整體建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)富(fu)麗堂皇,外部(bu)(bu)立體浮雕造型生動(dong)、工(gong)藝(yi)精湛(zhan),內(nei)(nei)部(bu)(bu)主(zhu)要房(fang)間的(de)壁畫裝飾技藝(yi)獨特(te),具有較高(gao)藝(yi)術價值(zhi)。大(da)青(qing)樓(lou)(lou)堪(kan)稱民(min)國時(shi)期(qi)(qi)東(dong)(dong)(dong)北建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)的(de)經(jing)典(dian)之(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)。大(da)青(qing)樓(lou)(lou)融辦公(gong)與居住(zhu)為一體,作(zuo)(zuo)為張(zhang)作(zuo)(zuo)霖、張(zhang)學(xue)良父子兩代(dai)主(zhu)政(zheng)東(dong)(dong)(dong)北時(shi)期(qi)(qi)的(de)重(zhong)要辦公(gong)場所,曾歷經(jing)兩次(ci)直奉大(da)戰、東(dong)(dong)(dong)北易幟、處(chu)決楊(yang)、常、武(wu)裝調停中原(yuan)大(da)戰等重(zhong)大(da)歷史事件,蘊藏(zang)著(zhu)豐富(fu)的(de)歷史內(nei)(nei)涵,是東(dong)(dong)(dong)北近現(xian)代(dai)歷史的(de)見(jian)證和縮影(ying)。
小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)位于張氏(shi)(shi)帥(shuai)(shuai)府的(de)(de)(de)東(dong)(dong)院,由(you)于地處帥(shuai)(shuai)府花(hua)園(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)心,又有(you)“園(yuan)中(zhong)花(hua)廳”的(de)(de)(de)美(mei)譽,是(shi)一座(zuo)(zuo)中(zhong)西(xi)(xi)合(he)璧式的(de)(de)(de)二層磚木結構(gou)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou),建(jian)成于1918年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),因其采(cai)用(yong)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)磚青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)瓦建(jian)筑而成,俗(su)稱(cheng)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)。它(ta)是(shi)張作(zuo)霖為(wei)(wei)他(ta)(ta)最寵愛的(de)(de)(de)五夫(fu)人(ren)壽氏(shi)(shi)專門(men)修建(jian)的(de)(de)(de)。小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)建(jian)筑面(mian)(mian)積450平方米,小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)巧精美(mei)、造型(xing)獨特,整座(zuo)(zuo)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)體(ti)呈凹字形,中(zhong)間(jian)為(wei)(wei)兩(liang)(liang)層高門(men)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou),二樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)有(you)外(wai)(wai)廊式陽(yang)臺,其正(zheng)面(mian)(mian)朱漆廊柱(zhu)、雕梁畫(hua)棟、彩(cai)繪雀替(ti),體(ti)現出(chu)傳統的(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)建(jian)筑風格(ge),小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)梟混線條的(de)(de)(de)雕飾(shi)(shi)、窗口(kou)飾(shi)(shi)以(yi)鎮(zhen)石、樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)頂部(bu)(bu)砌有(you)環形女(nv)(nv)(nv)兒(er)墻等手法則是(shi)典(dian)型(xing)的(de)(de)(de)西(xi)(xi)洋(yang)風格(ge)。小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)是(shi)一座(zuo)(zuo)典(dian)型(xing)的(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)西(xi)(xi)合(he)璧式建(jian)筑。小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)張氏(shi)(shi)帥(shuai)(shuai)府第(di)一座(zuo)(zuo)仿(fang)西(xi)(xi)式建(jian)筑,它(ta)采(cai)用(yong)了(le)大(da)量的(de)(de)(de)木雕、磚雕等中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)傳統工藝來裝(zhuang)飾(shi)(shi)。分(fen)布在(zai)(zai)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)的(de)(de)(de)28幅雀替(ti)木雕,多以(yi)梅花(hua)、柳(liu)枝(zhi)、蘭花(hua)為(wei)(wei)主,雖風格(ge)各異,但各個栩栩如生(sheng)。而小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)兩(liang)(liang)側壯頭的(de)(de)(de)垂簾磚雕,以(yi)寓意(yi)深遠(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)松、鶴為(wei)(wei)主畫(hua)面(mian)(mian)外(wai)(wai),飾(shi)(shi)以(yi)代表(biao)吉祥、喜慶的(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)結,整組(zu)構(gou)圖(tu)搭配和(he)諧,布局嚴謹對(dui)稱(cheng),具有(you)較強的(de)(de)(de)藝術觀(guan)賞性(xing)。小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)最為(wei)(wei)考究的(de)(de)(de)是(shi),它(ta)的(de)(de)(de)每個門(men)窗的(de)(de)(de)上面(mian)(mian)均采(cai)用(yong)鎮(zhen)石磚雕裝(zhuang)飾(shi)(shi),這些鎮(zhen)石磚雕以(yi)花(hua)、鳥圖(tu)案為(wei)(wei)主,形象逼真(zhen),令(ling)人(ren)嘆為(wei)(wei)觀(guan)止。小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)外(wai)(wai)部(bu)(bu)裝(zhuang)飾(shi)(shi)精美(mei),內(nei)部(bu)(bu)裝(zhuang)修同樣豪(hao)華氣派。小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)上下兩(liang)(liang)層,內(nei)設5個房間(jian)。其中(zhong),一樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)東(dong)(dong)、西(xi)(xi)兩(liang)(liang)個房間(jian)分(fen)別為(wei)(wei)壽夫(fu)人(ren)臥室和(he)會(hui)(hui)客廳,二樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)除東(dong)(dong)西(xi)(xi)兩(liang)(liang)個居(ju)(ju)室外(wai)(wai),還設有(you)一個寬(kuan)敞的(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)廳。小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)是(shi)沈陽(yang)地區近代較有(you)代表(biao)性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)優秀建(jian)筑之一。壽夫(fu)人(ren)搬(ban)(ban)到(dao)(dao)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou),為(wei)(wei)避免引(yin)起其她幾(ji)位夫(fu)人(ren)的(de)(de)(de)不滿,聰明的(de)(de)(de)壽夫(fu)人(ren)把大(da)夫(fu)人(ren)趙氏(shi)(shi)生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)女(nv)(nv)(nv)兒(er)首芳、二夫(fu)人(ren)盧氏(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)二女(nv)(nv)(nv)兒(er)懷英、四(si)女(nv)(nv)(nv)兒(er)懷卿、四(si)夫(fu)人(ren)許氏(shi)(shi)生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)三女(nv)(nv)(nv)兒(er)懷曈、五女(nv)(nv)(nv)兒(er)懷曦(xi)接到(dao)(dao)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)二樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)居(ju)(ju)住(zhu),所(suo)以(yi)早期小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)亦(yi)被(bei)稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)“小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)姐(jie)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)”。 1923年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),當(dang)壽夫(fu)人(ren)得知(zhi)張作(zuo)霖在(zai)(zai)天(tian)津相中(zhong)了(le)天(tian)寶(bao)戲班的(de)(de)(de)馬(ma)(ma)月(yue)(yue)清后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou),立即親(qin)赴天(tian)津將馬(ma)(ma)月(yue)(yue)清接回(hui)帥(shuai)(shuai)府,并以(yi)貼身丫鬟(huan)的(de)(de)(de)名(ming)義(yi),安排馬(ma)(ma)月(yue)(yue)清在(zai)(zai)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)二樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)居(ju)(ju)住(zhu)。1924年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)馬(ma)(ma)月(yue)(yue)清生(sheng)下女(nv)(nv)(nv)兒(er)懷敏后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou),母女(nv)(nv)(nv)始(shi)搬(ban)(ban)到(dao)(dao)大(da)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)居(ju)(ju)住(zhu)。此(ci)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou),隨著幾(ji)位小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)姐(jie)的(de)(de)(de)陸續出(chu)嫁,小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)便成為(wei)(wei)壽夫(fu)人(ren)與(yu)其四(si)個兒(er)子學(xue)森、學(xue)俊、學(xue)英、學(xue)銓單獨居(ju)(ju)住(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)地方。小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)也是(shi)張作(zuo)霖日常生(sheng)活(huo)起居(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)(de)一個重要場所(suo)。1928年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)6月(yue)(yue)4日,在(zai)(zai)皇姑(gu)屯事件中(zhong)被(bei)炸成重傷的(de)(de)(de)張作(zuo)霖就是(shi)在(zai)(zai)這里走完了(le)他(ta)(ta)短暫而充滿傳奇(qi)的(de)(de)(de)一生(sheng)。自1931年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)九一八事變(bian),帥(shuai)(shuai)府被(bei)日本人(ren)占領后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou),小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)的(de)(de)(de)使(shi)用(yong)屢經變(bian)遷,先是(shi)同大(da)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)一道經過改造,被(bei)辟為(wei)(wei)偽滿洲國(guo)(guo)國(guo)(guo)立圖(tu)書(shu)館。1946年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)2月(yue)(yue),大(da)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)被(bei)國(guo)(guo)民黨(dang)沈陽(yang)黨(dang)部(bu)(bu)占用(yong)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou),小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)又成為(wei)(wei)黨(dang)部(bu)(bu)書(shu)記章寶(bao)慈的(de)(de)(de)私人(ren)居(ju)(ju)所(suo)。1948年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)沈陽(yang)解放(fang)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou),小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)由(you)東(dong)(dong)北圖(tu)書(shu)館使(shi)用(yong),初(chu)為(wei)(wei)單身宿舍和(he)辦(ban)公(gong)室,1949年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)被(bei)辟為(wei)(wei)兒(er)童閱覽室。1952年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)被(bei)改為(wei)(wei)遼寧省(sheng)作(zuo)家協會(hui)(hui)家屬宿舍。1973年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)以(yi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou),小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)歸遼寧省(sheng)圖(tu)書(shu)館,作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)家屬宿舍使(shi)用(yong)。1990年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)正(zheng)式劃歸張學(xue)良舊居(ju)(ju)陳(chen)列館,經過重新修繕,于2001年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)對(dui)外(wai)(wai)開放(fang)。